Or I might learn to make a souffle without memorizing the ingredients. Or I might learn how to use a complex statistical formula without memorizing its elements. To memorize is a specific kind of learning goal that does not necessarily entail understanding.
I could memorize a Latin quotation and speak it impressively at my next cocktail party without understanding a jot of it. So, the two meanings that we will necessarily modulate between are as follows: to remember how to use, do, or apply something, without regard to whether we need prompting as to the specifics, and to remember all of the details of something without needing any prompting as to the specifics.
In both cases the conductor has learned the piece, but only in the second case have they memorized it. One can learn how to do something, and remember how to do it, without having memorized it. Another key point to keep in mind with respect to how we use the word memory is that it comes in different modes: memory for words e. These eight areas are called talents, or multiple intelligences, and are discussed in more detail in chapter In this chapter we will focus initially on the mechanics of learning and memory.
Because so many findings must be presented, I have sought an organization scheme to help make sense of them. Intend, file, and rehearse. Here is an example from a common situation: You meet someone and really want to remember their name, for whatever reason possible romantic connection, political ally, someone to recruit for a service project, and so forth.
Thus, you intend or care to remember their name. What pattern about her suggests Amanda, or Campbell? She also has noticeable hair on her upper lip, making her look somewhat manly. You make up your mind to say her name several more times that evening. Each time you say it silently, you picture the soup can. Eventually, when you see her, you see the soup can and the name comes to mind. Associating the name with the soup can and mustache is the file or order phase of the process, and repeating the name in association with the image is the rehearse or study phase.
After I present the mechanics of learning and memory, you will find the remainder of the chapter organized in these three groupings:. Note: In earlier editions of this book I included a section on so-called learning styles.
However, a report in Psychological Science in the Public Interest in December of called into question the usefulness of learning styles. They concluded that the desire of the individual student to learn and their effectiveness in pursuit of learning is independent of stylistic differences. Research on memory has taken a significant turn in recent years. Memory used to be regarded as a structure; now it is seen as a process.
A memory was thought of as a single unit with an identifiable place of residence somewhere in the brain that could be recalled when necessary. Now a memory is viewed as a reconstruction from many different chunks stored redundantly throughout the brain see topic Bartlett , p.
Howard and his team distill the very latest re Cutting-edge, user-friendly, and comprehensive: the revolutionary guide to the brain, now fully revised and updated. Howard and his team distill the very latest research and clearly explain the practical, real-world applications to our daily lives.
Drawing from the frontiers of psychology, neurobiology, and cognitive science, yet organized and written for maximum usability, The Owner's Manual for the Brain 4th Edition is your comprehensive guide to optimum mental performance and wellbeing. Get A Copy. Paperback , Fourth Edition , pages. More Details Other Editions 2. Friend Reviews.
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Sep 10, Andreas rated it it was amazing Shelves: lifehack. This is a fantastic book that covers a wide range of topics related to your brain. The author mentions in the introduction that he wanted to build a bridge between research reports on the one side and "how-to" guides on the other and in my opinion he succeeded.
If you want to learn more then you can always pick from the list of suggested resources at the end This is a fantastic book that covers a wide range of topics related to your brain. If you want to learn more then you can always pick from the list of suggested resources at the end of each chapter.
The missing depth is compensated by offering a huge huge skeleton that the interested reader can fill in later. Looking at the table of contents it is clear that this is no book that you have to read from cover to cover.
Instead I picked the topics that interested me most and started from there. The structure is always the same. The author summarizes what is currently known, cites reports or books and provides what he calls Applications. Here the reader gets a short list of suggestions how to act based on the facts he just learnt and it also contains cross links to other parts within the book.
This is an excellent idea to motivate people to do something with the knowledge. The concise style made me wonder a bit how much the author can be trusted. True, he has a Ph. I am familiar with some of the resources that are cited and can confirm that for instance the part about "Learning" is top notch. It's always clear if something is the consensus among scientists, if there are other trends to watch out for or if we get the personal opinion of the author.
Initially I wanted to tell you my favorite chapters but as an "aspiring hobby neuroscientist" myself I found everything so exciting that it's hard to pick one. The long chapters about learning and memory were great, or the development "from the cradle to the grave", or the impact of drugs, gender differences, consciousness, food, For the price it's an absolute bargain and I can highly recommend it as an easy-to-read introduction.
View 1 comment. Oct 18, Vegan Warrior rated it it was ok. Didn't work. No smarter. Jan 21, Snezana Glusac rated it did not like it. Really, really bad. This book was great 20 years ago. However, the author did not think that the last 20 years of science within the fields of body, health, neuroscience and psychology are important enough to be even mentioned in the new editions. There is even a whole bunch of misoginistic claims about women that have been debunked ages ago.
Mar 24, Malak rated it it was ok. This book is so vague, it talks about one million different things, I thought it was about biology but it wasn't, I thought it was philosophy but it wasn't, the cover made me feel so excited to read it but the cover has nothing to do with the content. Apr 25, Nurbek Nurullayev rated it it was amazing. Not sure about it yet. But it was a long read. Happy to be able to finish. There was a lot to learn.
Some of which I remember and that is an achievement. Feb 05, William Schram rated it it was amazing Shelves: biology , non-fiction , psychology , reference , science , self-help.
Doctor Howard has gone through a great deal of relevant material to produce this book. He sifts through the material and finds the little tidbits that most apply to certain situations.
The book is organized in such a manner that it is easy to find the information you desire. It is split into seven parts that are further subdivided into chapters. Let's say you want to read something on the aging brain, particularly on memory and how that is affected. You would go to part 2 chapter 6 section 8, whi Doctor Howard has gone through a great deal of relevant material to produce this book.
You would go to part 2 chapter 6 section 8, which is called Memory and Aging. Depending on the depth of the subject, it could be anywhere from a paragraph to an entire series of pages.
Following the preliminary information is a series of applicable suggestions. Some of them are obviously designed for people that are building classrooms or other types of environment, and that doesn't really relate to me.
However, it was quite interesting to learn about the different things that affect learning. It is hard to think of any part of brain science that Dr. Howard has not covered in this tome. The bibliography alone is 28 pages in length, and he frequently mentions outside sources that one can refer to.
This is a marvelously well-done book. Nov 19, Keith rated it it was amazing. My review is attached to the Kindle edition. Jan 07, Lori rated it it was amazing. This book goes very in depth on each topic covered! Sep 15, Jack Tickle rated it it was amazing. Simply amazing. Maria Benitez rated it it was amazing Dec 30, Arthur rated it really liked it Nov 12,
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